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I find Graham's rules too rigid, bear in mind he made developed his system after the crash of 1929, when stocks trading below NTA were everywhere, the market has changed since then.
Nothing wrong with high PE stocks, ever heard of Gary Pilgrim?? I think for 10 straight years his refund returned 40%+ He was buying stocks with very high PEs, above 50 and 60, what he focused on was growth rate in earnings. This is why PE should always be viewed in conjunction with growth rate, and not by itself.
Regarding smart money moving to algorithm trading, this doesn't effect value investors. It will cause the market to be more volatile, but in the long-term, as Graham said, its a weighting machine.
Yea, robots and algo will cause more volatility, and so would benefit value investors in general.
The way Graham personally invested might be too rigid and cautious, but pretty much everything that can be said of investing he had said it. Both on growth and value.
As Buffett often repeat a Graham's adage: growth is part of value. So when an investor buy into a business, they expect it to continuing growing - that's what a good business does. But how much can it grow, at what rate on average over the years. Most quality, financially established businesses just cannot grow at more than 7%p.a. for a decade. Maybe there's a few that can do that if given enough time and enough luck... just that it might not be sensible to bet on that.
For companies with PE above 30, there might be companies that grow at such expected rate... at 30 times that's about 10% a year for adecade, at 60 times it's 25.75% a year.
If an established business, heck, if any business, could compound its earnings at such rate, it'll soon enough take over the world. So while it's possible to achieve that... any disappointment will see the share price, and possibly the business, crashing.