Australian (ASX) Stock Market Forum

December 2024 DDD

Part 5

are responsible for adequately managing their risk exposure, but there may be a case for broader risk assessment in the future.


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Meh week.

Chips:

View attachment 189448View attachment 189447

On Luck:

Maybe a better way to frame luck is by asking: what isn’t repeatable?

Lucky implies random events you could not see coming. What isn’t repeatable is different. Did Jeff Bezos get lucky creating Amazon? Not in the same way a lottery winner is lucky, of course. He was visionary and ambitious and savvy to a degree you only see a few times per century.

But could he, starting today, without any money or name recognition, create a new multi-trillion dollar business from scratch?

Maybe, but probably not. There are so many things that helped Amazon become what it is that can’t be replicated – growth of the internet, market conditions, old competitors, politics, regulations, etc. Bezos is enormously skilled in a way that is not luck. But a lot of what he did was not repeatable. Those points are not contradictory.

It’s so important to know the difference between the two when attempting to learn from someone. You want to try to emulate skills that are repeatable. Attempting to copy the parts of someone’s success that aren’t repeatable is equivalent to a 56-year-old dressing like a teenager and expecting to be cool.

There’s a law in evolution called Dollo’s Law of Irreversibility that says once a species loses a trait, it will never gain that trait back because the path that gave it the trait in the first place was so complicated that it can’t be replicated. Say an animal has horns, and then it evolves to lose its horns. The odds that it will ever evolve to regain its horns are nil, because the path that originally gave it horns was so complex – millions of years of selection under specific environmental and competitive conditions that won’t repeat in the future. You can’t call evolutionary traits luck – they came about because of very specific forces. You just can’t ever rely on those forces repeating themselves exactly as they did in the past.

A lot of things work like that.

In business and investing, you want to learn the big lessons about why things behave the way they do without assuming the past is a direct guide to the future, because it’s not – most of the details are not repeatable. History is the study of change, ironically used as a map of the future.

Jason Zweig of the Wall Street Journal once talked about what happens when you try to learn a very specific, non-repeatable lesson when a broader, very repeatable lesson is what you needed to pay attention to:

[After the dot-com crash], the lesson people learned from that was not, “I should never speculate on overvalued financial assets.” The lesson they learned was, “I should never speculate on internet stocks.” And so the same people who lost 90% or more of their money day-trading internet stocks ended up flipping homes in the mid 2000s, and getting wiped out doing that. It’s dangerous to learn narrow lessons.
The great thing when you ask, “is this repeatable?” is that you start to focus on things that you and I – ordinary lay people – have a chance of repeating ourselves.

You can learn a lot from Warren Buffett’s patience. But you can’t replicate the market environment he had in the 1950s, so be careful copying the specific strategies he used back then.

You can learn so much from John D. Rockefeller about the importance of controlling distribution. But you cannot replicate the 20th century legal system that allowed him to destroy competitors, so don’t get carried away there.

Elon Musk can teach you a lot about risk-taking and branding, but much less about competing in the auto business.

Jeff Bezos can teach you so much about management and long-term thinking, but much less about e-commerce and cloud computing.

The way to get luckier is to find what’s repeatable.

On investing:

I entered the workforce in 2005.

That means I’ve been working in the investment business for 20 years now.

The longer I’m in the money management business the more there is to learn but these are some of the things I’ve learned thus far:

1. Experiences shape your perception of risk. Your ability and need to take risk should be based on your stage in life, time horizon, financial circumstances and goals.

But your desire to take risk often trumps all that, depending on your life experiences. If you worked at Enron or Lehman Brothers or AIG or invested with Madoff, your appetite for risk will be forever altered.

And that’s OK as long as you plan accordingly.

2. Intelligence doesn’t guarantee investment success. Warren Buffett once wrote, “Investing is not a game where the guy with the 160 IQ beats the guy with the 130 IQ. Once you have ordinary intelligence, what you need is the temperament to control the urges that get other people into trouble in investing.”

I’ve met so many highly educated individuals who are terrible investors. They can’t control their emotions because their academic pedigree makes them overconfident in their abilities.

Emotional intelligence is the true sign of investment smarts.

3. No one lives life in the long-term. Long-term returns are the only ones that matter but you have to survive a series of short-terms to get there.

The good strategy you can stick with in those short-terms is preferable to the perfect strategy you can’t stick with.

4. The only client question that matters is: “Am I going to be OK?” Each situation is unique in that everyone has their own set of fears and desires.

The answer everyone is looking for is the same, though: Just tell me I’m going to be OK.

5. It’s never been easier or harder to set-it-and-forget-it. Investors have never had it better in terms of the ability to automate investments, contributions, allocations, rebalancing and dividend reinvestment.

But there has never been more temptation to tinker with your set-it-and-forget-it portfolio because of all the new investment products, funds, zero-commission trading platforms, and trading opportunities.

Every day it becomes harder and harder to avoid the new forbidden fruit.

6. Rich people hate paying taxes more than they like making more money. I’m only half kidding but the more money people have the more they look for ways to avoid paying Uncle Sam.

7. Getting rich overnight is a curse, not a blessing. I’m convinced that the people who build wealth slowly over the course of their career are far better equipped to handle money than those who come into it easily.

It means more to those who acquired wealth through patience and discipline.

8. Investing is hard. Ironically, coming to this realization can make it a little easier.

9. The biggest risks are always the same…yet different. The next risk is rarely the same as the last risk because every market environment is different.

On the other hand, the biggest mistakes investors make are often the same — timing the market, recency bias, being fearful when others are fearful and greedy when others are greedy and investing in the latest fads.

It’s always a different market but human nature is the constant.

10. The market doesn’t care how clever you are. There is no alpha for the degree of difficulty when investing.

Trying harder doesn’t guarantee more profits.

11. A product is not a portfolio and a portfolio is not a plan. The longer I do this, the more I realize that personal finance and financial planning are prerequisites for successful investing.

12. Overthinking can be just as debilitating as not thinking at all. Investing involves irreducible uncertainty about the future.

You have to become comfortable making investment decisions with imperfect information.

13. Career risk explains most irrational decisions in the investment business. There is a lot of nonsense that goes on in the investment business. Most of it can be explained by incentives.

14. There is no such thing as a perfect portfolio. The best portfolio is the one you can stick with come hell or high water, not the one that’s the most optimized for silly formulas or spreadsheets.

15. Our emotions are rigged, not the stock market. The stock market is one of the last respectable institutions. It’s not rigged against you or anyone else.

The Illuminati is not out to get you but your emotions just might be if you don’t know how to control them.

16. Experience is not the same as expertise. Just because you’ve been doing something for a long time doesn’t mean you’re an expert.

I know plenty of experienced investors who are constantly fighting the last war to their own detriment.

How many people who “called” the 2008 crash completely missed the ensuing bull market? All of them?

How many investment legends turn into permabears the older they get becasue they fail to recognize how markets have changed over time?

Loads of investment professionals who have been in the business for many years make the same mistakes over and over again.

17. Being right all the time is overrated. Making money is more important than being right in the market.

Predictions are more about ego than making money.

18. There is a big difference between rich and wealthy. Lots of rich people are miserable. These people are not wealthy, regardless of how much money they have.

There are plenty of people who wouldn’t be considered rich based on the size of their net worth who are wealthy beyond imagination because of their family, friends and general contentment with what they have.

19. Optimism should be your default. It saddens me to see an increasing number of cynical and pessimistic people every year.

I understand the world can be an unforgiving place and things will never be perfect but investing is a game where the optimists win.

20. Less is more. I’ve changed my mind on many investment-related topics over the years. But you will never convince me that complex is better than simple.



From Josh Brown:

I’m a former stockbroker with no formal education in economics or econometrics (the latter word, I couldn’t tell you what it means with a dictionary in my hand). I don’t know anything. I started in this business cold-calling Dun & Bradstreet index cards with the names and phone numbers of business owners. I’m an alumni of the speculative fever swamps of Stockbrokerland in Syosset, Long Island. No pedigree. Classically trained with a plastic black telephone, a headset and an Acer monitor running Quotron.
But, like most of you, I have my own two eyes and two ears to try to understand what’s going on. These have been valuable if we’ve learned how to use them.

Pragmatism and lived experience are significantly more helpful these days than anything else. If you spend most of your time around people who are in the top half of the wealth distribution, you’re not making recession calls. There’s simply no sign of one and there hasn’t been since the start of 2023.

This is because one of the most interesting byproducts of the historic rate-hiking cycle the Federal Reserve embarked upon - and the subsequent “high for longer” period - has produced an unexpected result: Easy money. Never before in the last fifteen years have so many people been able to earn so much - virtually risk-free - in their bank and brokerage accounts. We’re talking about trillions of dollars in income and it keeps on coming. Combine this with record high stock prices and a boom in AI-related IT spending, plus pandemic-era stimulus programs kicking in and you get to where we are in 2024.

Anyone who wants a job can have a job. Wages are still rising in most industries. Home prices are holding. People are still shopping.
In 2022, CFOs at large corporations were certain that the confluence of inflationary pressures and the normal ebbs and flows of the economic cycle would bring about recession. According to the Duke University survey, they were nearly unanimous in this mindset. They prepared for it. Earnings growth went negative for multiple quarters as a result. And then, something totally outside of the formulas of the formally trained economists took place - high rates of income prolonged the expansion.

It wasn’t supposed to happen that way.

The overnight rate on money, it turns out, wasn’t as important as it had historically been. The inverted yield curve didn’t cause the cessation in lending it was supposed to have. Blame it on the fortress balance sheets of the nation’s largest banks, even as the midsized banks were stumbling last spring. Blame it on the renaissance in private credit, with capital on offer to any enterprise that spoke up to ask for it. Blame it on buoyant stock prices and the ocean of unspent cash at private equity funds just waiting to pounce on any and every opportunity. There are a lot of factors at play that simply were not in the models.

I have been speaking emphatically about the preeminence of the wealth effect for fifteen years. The stock market drives investment decisions at the largest companies and it fuels consumer spending, which is 70% of the economy. Even 401(k) balances, which cannot be touched, have an effect on the way people feel and therefore drive household decision-making and budgeting.

There is a growing recognition that record high interest income is working counter to the Fed's goals of slowing down demand. Very intelligent people were ridiculing this idea last year. Now it’s becoming a mainstream point of view. Rick Rieder is the head of fixed income at BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager. If anyone is in a position to see what’s going on, surely it would be Rick. Rick confirms what I’ve been saying.

Randall Forsyth used his column in Barron’s this weekend to comment on the subject, citing the latest government data:
American households’ net worth jumped by $5.1 trillion, or 3.3%, in the first quarter, according to the latest data released by the Fed on Friday.

More than half of that gain was accounted for by their increase in equities and mutual fund holdings.
And they earned an annualized $3.7 trillion from interest and dividends in the first quarter, up roughly $770 billion from four years earlier

My father-in-law Harry, a CPA, explained to me that older wealthy people in the early 1980’s absolutely loved high interest rates. Their bank accounts bulged with interest, igniting their ability to live large and spend. Brokers at that time were selling CDs and bonds with obscenely high rates of interest to an insatiable audience of well-to-do buyers.

It’s not an accident that the television show ‘Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous” was conceived during this time in America coinciding with the highest interest rates on record: The federal funds rate was 20% (!) in 1980, staying in the mid-to-high teens throughout the period ending in 1982. Wealthy old guys without mortgages or, frankly, a care in the world saw their money compound at incredible rates. In 1984, Robin Leach hit the airwaves for the first time showing TV audiences the unparalleled wealth and success that had been attained by this select group of people. The supercilious tone of his narration and his distinctively British accent became a soundtrack of sorts to the earliest stages of the secular bull market that would run for another 16 years.

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Remember this?
My post at the top of a wealth management firm has given me a bird’s eye view of what people are actually doing and thinking and saying in real life, as opposed to what they ought to be doing, thinking and saying according to the past. None of what I am seeing or hearing aligns at all with what most would have expected this far into a hiking cycle.

Outside of commercial real estate, the behavior of investors and consumers simply has not conformed to the expectations that would have been considered reasonable as recently as a few years ago.

I would point out that it’s not just the wealthiest who’ve benefited from the current situation.

Ben Carlson’s post, “The Bottom 50%” makes it clear that net worths have been expanding for all cohorts…
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Of course, the bottom 50% of households are seeing larger gains mostly due to the effect of it coming off a smaller base, but still.
Here’s the cash sitting in banks belonging to the bottom 50%:

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That’s $280 billion, despite what you’ve heard about people “blowing through their pandemic cushion.” Now, of course, not all of this money is earning a high interest rate because the largest banks have gotten away with not passing it along. But a lot of it is earning higher rates. This is not to say that’s negating the poor sentiment around higher costs in the economy - Americans despise inflation, after all. But I would say that these higher rates on savings are offsetting the effect of high prices practically. Just enough to keep the expansion going. Even if they keep telling the surveyors that they are miserable.

I want to make it clear that what I’m describing here is simply an explanation for what has already transpired. I do not believe this is a permanent condition. As unexpected as the recent environment has been, we should not extrapolate these ideas further and fall into the trap of pondering the end of all economic cycles. The cycle will resume. The worm will turn. It’s only a matter of when, not if. But cycles can take a long time to play out. Especially when they’re being driven by unforeseen forces like this once-in-a-lifetime boom in investment income.

That’s all from me today. Until next time - Champagne Wishes and Caviar Dreams!


The markets might be changing rapidly around us, but the billionaire beefs are not. More than 20 years after their Hallwood Realty deal went all pear-shaped, and long after they played chicken over Herbalife, it turns out Bill Ackman and Carl Icahn are still feuding. Ackman, who's currently winning the Robin Hood Foundation's charity stock-picking contest, confirmed on X today that his short idea for the competition is none other than Icahn's own IEP.

While the HLF short was a tough one for Bill, the IEP trade looks much better - Icahn's namesake stock is down 19% in just the last month. Your move, Carl.
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Stock indexes today are mixed, with the Nasdaq-100 posting a new all-time high and the Dow Jones Industrial Average posting a 3-week low. Broadcom is up more than +20% to lead the Nasdaq after predicting sales of its AI products will surge +65% in the fiscal first quarter; however, the S&P 500 gave up an early advance and turned lower after the 10-year T-note yield rose to a 2-1/2 week high.


jog on
duc
 
Part trois:

The Premium Trap​

View attachment 189462
For these converts to make money:
  1. Bitcoin moons while premium holds, or
  2. Premium expands further
Let's put numbers on it:
  • Current bitcoin: $95,000
  • MSTR bitcoin/share: 0.002 BTC
  • Raw bitcoin value/share: $156
  • Current MSTR price: $450
  • Convert strike: $672
If the premium normalizes to even 50% (still rich), bitcoin needs to hit $224,000 for these converts to break even on conversion.
View attachment 189463
Put another way
View attachment 189464

The Correlation Game​

The real complexity comes from correlation between bitcoin price and premium:
View attachment 189465
We get implied correlation of 0.55 between premium and bitcoin - historically high but crucial for pricing the converts. If you are betting on upside, you are also long correlation between the premium and the upside vol in the price of bitcoin. More of the same, basically.

View attachment 189466

The Regulatory Arbitrage​

This structure exists because:
  1. Retail can't easily access bitcoin derivatives
  2. Convert buyers need ISDA agreements
  3. Futures contracts are too big ($300k) with high margins (50-100%)

Result: Retail buys MSTR shares at 150% premium while sophisticated investors arbitrage vol differentials and MSTR books the diff between all these trades as profitable transactions.

Here's the irony: We require hedge funds to register with the SEC, spend $50-500k annually on compliance, and limit themselves to accredited investors with millions in the bank. Yet retail investors can freely buy MSTR shares through Robinhood.
View attachment 189467
And therein lies all the difference. There’s nothing wrong with what MSTR is doing, but it’s a good example of the law of unintended consequences.

Regulators block retail from 'risky' hedge funds while inadvertently pushing them into something potentially more dangerous.
By restricting crypto access for years, regulators left retail investors few options. Bitcoin futures required $300k contracts with 50-100% margin. ETFs were obscure or nonexistent. So people bought MSTR instead - a far more complex and potentially risky vehicle.

In trying to protect retail investors, the SEC has inadvertently funneled them into a potentially much riskier product
Each new convert makes the structure more complex: bitcoin-per-share has fallen to 0.002 BTC through dilution. New issuance adds leverage while reducing bitcoin exposure, unless they buy more - but buying at higher prices raises their average cost basis. It's leverage on leverage.

Saylor himself made this argument on TV last week, boasting about arbitraging the volatility differential between MSTR stock and bitcoin.
Note these are two arguments which would NOT BE AVAILABLE to anyone managing a private investments vehicle. There’s a reason every investor letter is practically littered with the phrase ‘past performance does not indicate future results’: usually when mom and pop get ripped off it’s because, you guessed it, someone was promising that past returns are indicative of future results.

It's a basic lesson every trader learns: past performance doesn't predict future returns. 'Buy low, sell high' - not 'it went up yesterday, so it'll go up tomorrow.

Saylor crosses an implied redline here - not just by profiting from self-dealing (which he openly brags about), but by promising investors they can expect this to continue.

If MSTR is just a bitcoin holder, its shares should eventually converge to bitcoin's value. Whether through better retail bitcoin access, more liquid options markets, or lower volatility - these arbitrage opportunities will shrink. While profitable now, it's dangerous to promise this can continue forever.
View attachment 189468

The Lehman Lesson​

Remember Fortis? Their converts looked great too. European bank, solid credit, nice vol premium in the options. Until credit spreads blew out and that lovely vol premium became dead weight.

MSTR isn't a bank, but they have $5B in zero-interest convert debt. Sounds better, right?

Not exactly. When Fortis blew up, all that vol we thought was free money turned into pure downside. The same thing that makes MSTR options look reasonably priced - the premium-driven extra volatility - is exactly what can kill you in a down market.

Each new MSTR convert issuance further complicates the math: the effective Bitcoin-per-share ratio has fallen to 0.002 BTC, diluted by repeated capital raises.

The math can work: bitcoin moons, premium holds, converts print. But I've seen this movie - these are still bonds. Someone has to pay back that $5B: either bitcoin buyers, & premium traders push up the share price, or MSTR itself by selling coins at a loss to repay bondholders.

Sounds easy, bit harder than it looks.

Just ask Geoffroy.

Charts and data as of December 2024. Past performance does not predict future returns.

Appendix:​

Pricing the convert in Bloomberg (OVCV)
MSTR Convert Base Case:
  • 400bp credit spread
  • 75% vol
  • $380 spot price → Prices to par
View attachment 189469
Sensitivity Analysis:
  1. Credit Spread Effect
    • Reducing spread to curve (250bp)
    • Impact: +4% NAV
  2. Volatility Effect
    • Increasing vol to 100%
    • Impact: +3 points
View attachment 189470
View attachment 189471
Day-of-Issue Pricing:
  • 400bp spread
  • 100% vol
  • $433 stock price → $113 NAV
View attachment 189472

LOL. Wrap your brain cell around that.

So what's the takeaway?

I remember reading (not an exact quote) something that Benjamin Graham wrote: if it's not explainable with simple arithmetic, you're kidding yourself that you know what's going on. Now Graham was a polymath and could do the math if he wanted, but avoided the calculus so popular in 'hedge funds'.

Lehman, Long Term Capital Management, all the banks Goldman, etc. blew up using calculus and literal rocket scientists to do their math. Mr Saylor is an MIT grad (math) and is now very arrogant when speaking to your average dumb arse. Hubris is coming.


jog on
duc
Thanks MrDuc, for the BTC leverage analysis
Mara stop loss exited automatically last night, at a Major loss: not as closely correlated to BTC..will not trade again.
Then sold MicroStation bought last week for a nice profit.git me thinking
Closed many positions inc goog which makes for a great total:
Christmas rally is not obvious, looking at more peace of mind for Christmas break
 
The young Warren Buffett: https://www.wsj.com/finance/investi...e?st=zGbRCA&reflink=desktopwebshare_permalink

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Bought the book, sitting under the Christmas tree.

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Is Mr Saylor an idiot or merely talking his book?

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China: https://www.cfr.org/blog/why-did-ch...ent account surplus,GDP) in the third quarter.

So this could go one of two ways if the US sold their gold and bought BTC:

1. Russia and China, fine, pay us for our goods in BTC. With the best part of $700B/yr deficits, they would earn back the BTC.

2. Russia and China say, F*ck you, pay us in gold. Now what use is that BTC? Well you sell it to buy gold on the market, to send to Russia and China. BTC down and gold up, reversing the initial strategem by Saylor, who has now sold out of BTC into ?

The thing with BTC or gold or fiat, is the DEMAND for it. To create demand for 'money' (as a theoretical construct) is that everyone must have some and want more.

The final line is: that 'something' needs to (be)come the RESERVE ASSET. It could be gold, btc, or something else entirely. Whatever it is it needs to be LOW RISK. Worldwide Central Banks are increasingly holding gold.

Can (could) the US unilaterally force a move to btc?

No.

Because the US is not the manufacturer of primary goods (including machine tools etc). That is China. The US does not hold a monopoly on commodities.

To force a move to btc as a reserve asset, the US would need to be in the position it was at the end of WWII. It is very far from that.

Screen Shot 2024-12-15 at 6.18.54 AM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 6.20.08 AM.png

Which is why the BRICS have turned (back) to gold. The writing has been on the wall for a very long time.

The past week:

Screen Shot 2024-12-15 at 6.36.41 AM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 6.36.57 AM.png



jog on
duc
 
For next week:

Screen Shot 2024-12-15 at 4.58.31 PM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 4.59.32 PM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 4.59.56 PM.png

Last week (which didn't go so well)

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This week:

Screen Shot 2024-12-15 at 5.04.17 PM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 6.18.42 AM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 6.17.25 AM.png


Screen Shot 2024-12-15 at 7.38.38 PM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 7.38.17 PM.png

It is the USD driving the long end, although as the long end rises, that exacerbates USD strength.

Yet:

Screen Shot 2024-12-15 at 7.41.30 PM.png

Bond market is ho-hum.

Screen Shot 2024-12-15 at 7.54.40 PM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-15 at 7.53.32 PM.png

The Primary Dealers are being force fed UST paper, keeping liquidity high.

jog on
duc
 
Interesting:



Capital flows (very approximate)

Screen Shot 2024-12-16 at 7.54.25 AM.pngScreen Shot 2024-12-16 at 7.51.01 AM.png




Screen Shot 2024-12-16 at 7.38.23 AM.png


Full: https://www.aussiestockforums.com/threads/december-2024-ddd.38360/page-2#post-1308629


The Bank of England will hide the identities of any pension funds, insurers or hedge funds bailed out under a new financial stability tool to prevent a wider crisis engulfing the economy, Deputy Governor Dave Ramsden said.


The BOE has accepted submissions by so-called “shadow banks” that “revealing too much information could create stigma” about using the bail-out tool, which would undermine any rescue effort and risk creating more financial instability, he said in a speech
on Monday.


The “systems changes are now all in place” for the new Contingent NBFI Repo Facility (CNRF) but the launch has been delayed slightly until the start of 2025, Ramsden said. The facility will operate as a backstop to the gilt market, which sits at the heart of all UK financial markets given its size and interconnectedness.


The decision to create the CNRF reflects changes to the structure of financial markets since the 2008 financial crisis. Until now, only regulated banks have had access to the BOE balance sheet – which comes with broad regulatory oversight. It also follows the market meltdown following the 2022 mini-budget when liability-driven investment funds
desperately needed cash to meet margin calls.


The CNRF will only be used at times of extreme stress, and the tool may potentially be extended to hedge funds, Ramsden also indicated.


‘’We are looking at the insurance companies, the life assurers, the LDI funds. That’s where we started. But it’s certainly not where we can stop,” he said in a question-and-answer session following the speech. “There’s going to be further phases as we open this out. We will be going further with the CNRF and, you know, watch this space for where we go beyond that.”


The CNRF will be activated by the bank when “we judge that gilt market dysfunction is severe enough that it threatens financial stability absent any action, and our lending facilities to banks will not, on their own, eliminate that threat,” he said.



So:



Screen Shot 2024-12-16 at 7.40.50 AM.png

UST and UK Gilts are joined at the hip. The UK through Hedge Funds are buyers of UST (on massive leverage).

Screen Shot 2024-12-16 at 7.41.54 AM.png

You bail out both when you bail out Banks, Hedge Funds, Insurance Co's, Pension Funds, etc. So what you have is QE without actually calling it QE, because the Bank of England has access to the Fed's swap lines.

Will anybody actually care? Unlikely.

jog on
duc
 
Quantum computing and btc:

Is Google's Willow Processor A Threat To Bitcoin?​

BY TYLER DURDEN
MONDAY, DEC 16, 2024 - 08:00 AM
Submitted by QTR's Fringe Finance

Just a couple of days ago I wrote a piece reminding readers that, despite looking at bitcoin more favorably the last year or so, it still remains an unprecedented and opaque area of markets where risk could rear its head quickly, unexpectedly, and before chaos in broader equity and bond markets.

Collectively worth about $3 trillion now, cryptocurrency is like catnip for risk takers right now, I wrote. Then, I looked at the question of quantum computing:
I’ve also often raised the question of what comes next after SHA-256 hash functions and whether or not Bitcoin will be safe amidst the jump to quantum computing.
The prevailing sentiment has always been that to protect the Bitcoin network, miners and those invested in developing the network will have to stay on the forefront of technological change and encryption capabilities to ensure the network doesn’t lose a beat as the world of microprocessing advances. The ‘bull case’ thoughts about this risk, at least according to Michael Saylor the last time I talked to him, was that if you had the power to crack SHA-256 encryption right now, there would be much bigger potential targets to go after than the Bitcoin network, seeing as how the very same encryption ensures the integrity of almost all major, consequential defense, military, and government computer networks worldwide.
Saylor makes a valid point, but as Bitcoin's market cap grows, so does the incentive to hack or compromise its network. With a $1.8 trillion bounty effectively on the line, the temptation for bad actors increases. Fortunately, Bitcoin’s network is built with significant redundancy and safeguards, but the true risks, especially from quantum computing, will only become clear as technology advances.
And in my original case for being less skeptical on bitcoin, out in Spring of this year, I made note of the quantum computing risk I have always mentioned when discussing bitcoin. I wrote:
It’s like the potential impact of quantum computing—I’ve heard both sides of that case and have pretty much acquiesced to the position that it’s a bridge we will have to cross when we get to it.
Finally, back in 2021, in a debate between Peter Schiff and (now indicted) Celsius CEO Alex Mashinsky, quantum computing was asked and answered in the same fashion, with the prevailing sentiment being ‘we’ll get to it when we get to it’:
When talking about quantum computing, Mashinsky admits that bitcoin is going to have to be modified over the next decade as quantum computing advances. No one knows what those advancements or changes will look like and who is to say whether the bitcoin you buy today will adhere to the same rules and same mathematical certainties it will after such a modification is made.
Well, to make a long story short, we’re going to have to ‘get to it’ a hell of a lot faster than most people may have thought. That’s because this week, Google introduced its new quantum processor, Willow.

willow.jpg

Even for not being a semiconductor nerd, I know the chip marks a groundbreaking leap in quantum computing. It is capable of solving problems in under five minutes that would take traditional supercomputers trillions of years, Willow addresses one of quantum computing's major hurdles—reducing errors as systems scale.

This advancement positions Google as a leader in the quantum field, even as some experts believe commercial uses are still years away, likely around 2030. But needless to say, the announcement has perked up the ears of many, including the cryptocurrency community.

Protos wrote about two ways Google’s new chip and Bitcoin this week. They write the new chip has sparked fears it could pose a serious threat to Bitcoin’s security in two key ways: overtaking Bitcoin's mining network and targeting Satoshi Nakamoto’s dormant coins.
The piece argues that Willow’s breakthrough capabilities allow it to solve problems in minutes that would take supercomputers trillions of years — and that such power could hypothetically outpace Bitcoin’s global mining network, which secures transactions by solving complex cryptographic puzzles.

If Willow could perform this work faster and cheaper than the network, it might seize control of Bitcoin’s blockchain, enabling it to reorder, censor, or even double-spend transactions.

The second potential threat involves Bitcoin’s creator, Satoshi Nakamoto, who owns over 1 million BTC stored using an older cryptographic format (P2PK) that exposes public keys on the blockchain. A quantum computer could exploit this vulnerability by brute-forcing private keys, potentially unlocking Nakamoto’s holdings. Modern Bitcoin addresses are more quantum-resistant, as they hide public keys until transactions are initiated, reducing the risk of exposure.



It’s now officially a race, with Coinspeaker noting that the Bitcoin community is actively researching quantum-resistant solutions to safeguard against future advancements in quantum technology.

And while Bitcoin may ultimately come out on top when all is said and done this time, it’s these types of unprecedented risks and uncertainties that, to me, continue to make gold the granddaddy of all stores of value and safety.
Bitcoin trades like a risk asset because it will face countless new tests like this that gold has already endured over the past 5,000 years. One by one, Bitcoin will need to 'pass' each of these tests if it aims to maintain value over anywhere near the time horizon gold has achieved.

If nothing else, the announcement of Willow and the ensuing discussion should serve as a wake-up call to the dormant nervous systems of Bitcoin holders and maximalists. They must remember that while Bitcoin has passed every test over the past 15 years, there will undoubtedly be more bumps in the road along its adoption curve.
I continue to own some Bitcoin but still firmly believe that gold remains the ultimate store of value and the best way to preserve wealth when opting out of the fiat money system.
mages%2F7b4f0b11-cdb4-4f89-9600-5faf882f9b35_66x52.png

All the more reason to manage some of your risk via analog. You know, physical gold. Whether btc or your bank account.

jog on
duc
 
Europe collapsing as German and French governments basically implode.

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Full:https://www.mrt.com/business/oil/article/chevron-2025-capital-spending-cuts-19964843.php

This (could) have serious implications, ie. handing control of the energy markets back to OPEC+ and Russia.

And:https://www.bloomberg.com/news/arti...rce=twitter&cmpid=socialflow-twitter-business


The Biden administration is weighing new, harsher sanctions against Russia’s lucrative oil trade, seeking to tighten the squeeze on the Kremlin’s war machine just weeks before Donald Trump returns to the White House.


Details of the possible new measures were still being worked out, but President Joe Biden’s team was considering restrictions that might target some Russian oil exports, according to people familiar with the matter who asked not to be identified discussing private deliberations.


That step was something Biden had long resisted over fears it could trigger a spike in energy costs, especially in the run-up to last month’s presidential election. But with prices for oil slipping amid forecasts of a global surplus in 2025 and fears growing that Trump may seek to force Ukraine into a quick deal with Russia to end its nearly three-year-old war, the Biden administration is now open to more aggressive action, the people said.



jog on
duc
 
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Oil News:

The huge price volatility of the past couple of months has made European natural gas futures one of the favorite trading instruments of hedge funds as TTF futures continue to trade above €40 per MWh.

- The combination of rapidly depleting European gas inventories and a still unclear outlook for Russian pipeline gas into Europe next year have lifted total long positions of institutional investors to almost 500 million MWh equivalent.

- Whilst the short-term outlook of European gas remains bullish, the risk remains that after the winter scare prices could collapse as hedge funds start to unwind their positions, particularly on the back of new LNG supply into 2026.

- For comparison, net positioning in Henry Hub US gas futures remains overwhelmingly bearish, with the net shortcoming in just below 80,000 contracts in the week to December 10, the 22nd consecutive week of hedge funds shorting gas.

Market Movers

- US oil firm Kosmos Energy (NYSE:KOS) has reportedly withdrawn from making an offer for fellow Africa-focused producer Tullow Oil, aggravating the latter’s decline as its shares fell 44% this year.

- US refining giant Phillips66 (NYSE:pSX) announced it would sell its 25% stake in the Gulf Coast Express Pipeline to ArcLight Capital Partners for $865 million, setting it on course to exceed its asset sale target.

- QatarEnergy has boosted its presence in Namibia by farming into Chevron’s (NYSE:CVX) operated license PEL90, acquiring a 27.5% non-operated stake as it already co-owns blocks containing the giant Venus and Graff discoveries.

Tuesday, December 17, 2024

ICE Brent continues to trade within a narrow range of $72-74 per barrel as the previous week’s slightly bullish sentiment, coming mostly from US and EU sanctions on Russia, has hit another roadblock. It’s China again souring the demand outlook, with November data for industrial output and retail sales both coming in below expectations, so it’s only the Fed that can add some upside now.

Trump to Roll Back Biden’s EV Policies. According to a Reuters report, the incoming administration of Donald Trump is suggesting the elimination of Biden’s $7,500 tax credit on EVs, easing tailpipe pollution mandates and imposing tariffs on all battery materials globally to kickstart US production.

Chinese Coal Production Hits New Record. China’s coal production rose to an average daily rate of 14.27 million tonnes in November, the highest pace on record a whopping 7% month-over-month increase, as state-controlled producers ramped up output ahead of winter heating demand.

World’s Top Trader Weighed Down by Fraud. Global trading house Trafigura saw a steep decline in its 2024 earnings on the heels of its billion-dollar fraud scheme in Mongolia, posting a 60% year-over-year decline to $2.8 billion even as its traded oil and fuel oil volumes rose to 6.8 million b/d.

China Builds Up Crude Inventories. As November data for Chinese imports and refinery runs trickled in, China has imported and produced 1.77 million b/d more than it consumed last month, and even accounting for some lacking information this seems to suggest a huge stock build across the country.

UAE Vows to Export Less Oil. In line with OPEC+’s push for stronger discipline in meeting joint production targets, the UAE’s state oil firm ADNOC has pledged to cut exported volumes by up to 230,000 b/d in Q1 2025, mostly cutting flows of light Murban and medium sour Upper Zakum.

Venture Global Starts Up Plaquemines. Venture Global LNG produced its first commercial LNG from its 20 mtpa Plaquemines plant, the first new US site to produce the super-chilled gas in two years, reaching first production after a mere 30 months since the project was given the go-ahead.

Libya’s Key Refinery Damaged by Gunfire. Libya’s state oil company NOC declared force majeure at its 120,000 b/d Zawia refinery after several storage tanks were ‘severely damaged and caught fire’ after direct hits coming from nearby armed clashes, halting operations two months after it was fully repaired.

US to Sanctions Serbia’s Only Refinery. Serbian authorities said the White House will be slapping sanctions on Serbia’s oil company NIS because of its Russian ownership, potentially disrupting oil flows to the 96,000 b/d Pancevo refinery that is fed through the Croatian port of Omisalj.

Gallium Prices Soar to 13-Year High. Prices for gallium, a rare metal used mostly in semiconductors and radar equipment, have jumped to their highest since 2011 on the back of China’s tightening of export restrictions, selling at $595 per kg, as Beijing still controls 98% of global output.

Russian Oil Spill Pollutes Black Sea. A Russian oil tanker carrying several thousand tonnes of fuel oil in the Kerch Strait of the Black Sea split apart after running aground, with the 136-metre tanker triggering an oil spill amidst a heavy winter storm that rendered environmental mitigation difficult.

Oman Woos Investors for Next LNG Project. Oman is set to start talks with key investors BP, Shell, and TotalEnergies about whether they could commit gas supplies for a mulled 3.8 mtpa fourth train at the Oman LNG site, seeking to expand the nation’s LNG production capacity to 15.2 mtpa.

Southeast Asia Sees Biofuels Bonanza. Malaysia’s state-owned oil firm Petronas and Italian oil major ENI (BIT:ENI) awarded a $1 billion contract to Korean engineering firm Samsung to build a 650,000 mtpa biorefinery in Johor, Malaysia, focusing mostly on production of SAF and HVO.

US Drillers Test Fluid Coke Instead of Sand. US oil major ExxonMobil (NYSE:XOM) announced that it had developed a drilling process to use fluid petroleum coke instead of sand as a proppant for hydraulic fracturing, with the refinery product allegedly improving recovery by up to 15%.


Long Trump rant: https://www.noahpinion.blog/p/how-well-know-if-trump-is-going-to and

GOOG's Quantum Chip: https://investorplace.com/smartmone...ntum-breakthrough-could-change-how-we-invest/

jog on
duc
 
The Semis have been an interesting sector since Trump was elected (tariffs, chip bans, restrictions. etc). They've been very weak. It's only days ago that AVGO caught a strong bid and has pulled the sector higher. While NVDA has been a drag on it. I'm not shorting the H&S pattern on NVDA. The uncertainty needs to be resolved first, which won't be until after the inauguration.

SOUN(dhound) has rallied higher again and I'm not on it this time. AI (C3) is going up. There's action aplenty in this sector but NVDA is holding it down. Now QUBT is booming pre-open (thanks @frugal.rock )
 
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It has happened before that the industrial blue-chip index (Dow) diverged dramatically from the tech index (NASDAQ). Things typically do not end well when this happens.

Here is where we are today. The Dow Jones is being hit with massive selling pressure, producing a long string of trading days with lower highs, low lows and lower closes. Meanwhile, the NASDAQ is thrusting into new ATHs.

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Here is where things stood just before the mortgage debacle and a 50%-plus decline in the major indexes in 2008. The DJIA topped in Oct 2007 and started down. NASDAQ rallied into a Nov 2007 top. This did not end well as the S&P Index lost 50% of its value.

ges%2Fa0fef901-172f-4a0d-969a-5179439c2f8a_702x282.jpg

The same thing happened before the internet stock debacle of 2000. The Dow peaked in Feb 2000 while the NASDAQ rallied into one more final high in Mar 2000. Things then did not end well.

ges%2Fcbe10187-919a-452e-a792-ef88c109b20a_708x286.jpg

NASDAQ then proceeded to lose 84% of its value in a bear market that ended at the Oct 2002 low.

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History does not always repeat, but it often rhymes.

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Some further thoughts on btc as a reserve asset.

A neutral reserve asset means that sovereign nations cannot control the exchange value of that asset. They have to cede control to market forces.

Originally gold served this purpose. The US made inroads when the GBP and USD were both 'as good as gold' and were used interchangeably with gold. Then just the USD. This all ended in 1971 with Nixon.

The point being: btc if monetised as a reserve asset (and accepted by BRICS) would no longer leave the US in its current position of currency and reserve asset hegemony (not that that is the case currently anyway).

BRICS and Central Banks have already re-monetised gold. The control is with BRICS as they are the manufacturing base and supply a significant percentage of commodities.

The US can 'say' btc is a reserve asset, but it is only so if the BRICS agree.

Trump et al are more interested in whether TETHER will expand its balance sheet to buy UST than really thinking through the issues if they try to monetise btc.

If btc were monetised as a reserve asset, would the price continue to rise?

It would depend on the debasement of various currencies as against btc. But the 'speculative' rush higher would end. Currently there is almost a religious fervour in 'hodle', which, in a limited issue and speculative fever, drives the marginal price higher. When institutions join and fuel that fever, we get what we have. This always ends.

A further key to continued price appreciation is the ability to continue the ability to monetise btc held, not by selling, but by borrowing against it. This is the MSFT strategy that is being copied by (increasingly) others. This obviously increases the leverage in the system. High leverage with high volatility is not a great mix.

We are approaching the 'Santa Rally' period.

Next year when Trump takes over and Elon is let loose:

The problem with DOGE is NOT that there is not a lot of waste & even fraud in US govt spending.

The problem is govt waste & fraud adds to GDP in our system, just like fraudulent subprime mortgage & housing activity added to GDP 2003-07.

All we need to do to drop the deficit by >$1T next year is cut rates back to 0% & issue 100% of the debt in 3m T-Bills, bought by Fed if needed. Yes inflation and asset prices will surge, but so will receipts; US deficit will be close to a surplus by this time in 2026.

If DOGE is not going to cut Medicare benefits or Social Security then there are only two things big enough to cut to get to even $1T of cuts (let alone $2T of cuts): defence or Interest Expense (sharp rate cuts).

Borrowing $30T since 2001 to pursue galactically stupid foreign, economic, trade and domestic policies leaves only the options of productivity miracle, significant inflation to devalue the debt, or default.

There is a refinancing wall of $7 Trillion in 2025. Unless this is re-financed at close to 0% the interest payments will balloon further and faster, putting US solvency front and centre.

jog on
duc
 
I woke up : look at my leveraged spy xmas rally play at 4am this morning,all good still in green actually, saw a fox walking past, got the gun, and bits and pieces and rushed out..to no further sighting.
Read ASF news and then a good book.
Look at DDD update now, and that:
1000012037.jpg

Out with a loss of half a $k.
Damned.
Good thing is :
that was my last direct open position on the US market as i got rid of MicroStrategy and oil position,/junior gold miners at 4:40am this morning
 
Not a good sign for the bulls:

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If the USD continues to move higher, the Fed will have to step in again.

USD up, everything else down. Gold will decline in the short term, but come back strongly. BTC will follow NASDAQ.

jog on
duc
 
Well, today was not a great day for the Federal Reserve’s central monetary planners.

To explain the recent upturn in inflation, Fed Chair Jerome Powell casually uttered the words that models of recent price inflation had “kind of fallen apart.”

Powell was only talking about a 0.5% increase in expected year-end inflation.

Well it’s worse than that, as we will see.

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The very rapid increase in the rate of recent consumer price inflation has not been published yet by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), but it has been predicted in this Substack - because goods price inflation is largely driven by increased monetary aggregates driving currency debasement and it is unavoidable given the Fed’s violent monetary policy of the past 5 years.

By tracking 13 million market prices daily, the Truflation price inflation index runs far ahead of published BLS figures but it is essential to keep in mind that the recently spiking price inflation was actually born 18 months ago with a turn in Fed monetary policy.
es%2F9dd31969-5932-42c0-a332-53f36dc04949_1237x609.png
Figure 1 - Truflation CPI Index; source: Truflation.com Dec. 18, 2024

After the Fed increased the True Money Stock (TMS) (total currency aggregate) in the economy by 57% from 2020 to 2022, it was all over but the crying - prices had to run strongly with such a violent monetary injection.

And while the money supply (the year-over-year increase in the money stock) bottomed in May 2023, the money supply then turned upward and here we are roughly 18 months later with price inflation again surging strongly.

The matter of greatest concern is that price inflation has only been running since mid-September 2024 while money supply has been running generally higher for the past 18 months - and the Fed has just loosened monetary policy once again today.
Even if the Fed were to start constricting monetary policy today, it would take many months to affect prices in the economy that are now running strongly as the Truflation index shows.
ges%2F91e000c5-5e9b-44c9-9b2b-c1e80eaea5b9_846x504.jpg
Figure 2 - Money Supply Through August 2024 - Rate of Change YoY of Money Stock (TMS=True Money Supply: blue; M2 = M2 Money Supply: gray); source: Mises.org / Ryan McMaken

And Then There Are The Credit Markets​

The most leveraged borrowers in the economy are already well on their way to insolvency with the spike to 5% interest rates imposed by the Fed after nearly a decade of managed 0% rates.
And today, the bond market did not respond well to the Fed’s decision as yields generally moved 10 basis points higher.
Total US debt is $100 trillion dollars in all sectors through Q2 2024.

We are now 35 years into Alan Greenspan’s policy of blowing larger bubbles with increasing amounts of monetary leverage and policy loosening where financial markets driven relentlessly higher were misleadingly called ‘beneficial inflation’.

Those decades of loose monetary policy are buried in massively overleveraged and overvalued financial asset prices.

And we haven’t heard about bank woes for a while. They too will be affected as their ‘debt to the eyeballs’ balance sheets see increasing defaults.

This is just getting started and it ends very badly.


jog on
duc
 
Let's see if there's any follow up selling tonight. If the US consumer is still spending then I'm not concerned about the US economy. The stronger USD weighs on the commodity prices though and that's no good for Aust. I'm buying this dip @ducati916 .


Buying the dip:

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Yesterday:

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Lukewarm at best. This looks like a retail BTD currently.

If this sells off into the close, then tomorrow will be another ugly day.

I have just spent an hour rebalancing. No more time to expand on this, off to work.

jog on
duc
 
Keeping a sharp eye on the US: no real rebound from market, maybe a last minute intervention to fudge the Day number but no serious btd so far
The graph tells it all:
collapse, support fed in, rince and repeat? Who is pushing it up?
1000012187.jpg
And more obvious on the day zoom
1000012189.jpg
I used nasdaq but same for other components of the US market.
That is not retail market imho, so who, how long , how deep the pockets and the will?
Time will tell and. Friday is coming
 
i note Commsec ( as inaccurate as it can be ) has the ASX SPI futures at negative 35 , currently

and being a Friday here ...

ALSO some bigger investment houses may decide to go on holidays for a couple of weeks ( and this would be their last trading day in 2024 )

so do they take profit ( and crystallize losses ) and or dress the windows ready for 2025 ?
 
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