PART 2
General Review Of Manganese Ore In 2007 And Its Outlook For New Year (2)
= Price Of Mn-Ore For Shipments To Japan In FY 2008 Is Inevitable To Rise To Considerable Extent
( Continued from our No.9409 dated January 22, 2008 )
Vale of Brazil, formerly known as CVRD, exported 410,000 tons of manganese ore to China in 2006 but stopped from July of 2007 their inland transportation of manganese ore from Azul Mine. This stoppage of inland transportation has put a substantial impact on the world market of manganese ore and reacted to that in China. This affair is that Vale has adopted the strategy to give a priority to the transportation of iron ore. The output of manganese ore by Vale in 2007 is anticipated to decrease to 1.50 million tons per annum as half of that in 2006. Vale is thought to supply a majority of manganese ore produced by themselves to their plants in Brazil to produce manganese ferro-alloys and, accordingly, the quantity of manganese ore to be shared for outside sales will be restricted.
Main producers of manganese ore in the world are so far six companies of <> BHP Billiton ( Australia and South Africa ), <>Eramet ( Gabon ), <> Assmang ( South Africa ), <>Vale ( Brazil ), <> Ghana Manganese ( Ghana ) and <> Consolidated Minerals ( Western Australia ), and BHP Billiton, as the largest producer, has held a leadership to control price of manganese ore in the western world.
However, South Africa has preserved substantial quantities of natural resources but, owing to the bottleneck of inland transportation which comes to 3 million tons per annum as the maximum at present, it is hard for South Africa to increase sales of manganese ore. Under the present situation which manganese ore produced in Ghana and Western Australia has been confined by a power from Ukraine to their own use, only the 3 companies of BHP Billiton, Eramet and Assmang are the sources to expect supply of manganese ore. Therefore, there is a possibility that China will concentrate their reliance on supplies of manganese ore from Australia ( BHP Billiton ), Gabon ( Eramet ) and South Africa ( Assmang ). Even these 3 sources have already had a very limited margin to increase their production of manganese ore.
Eramet is scheduled to increase their production of manganese ore at the Moanda Mine of Gabon to 3.50 million tons per annum as the final target and already produced 3.20 million tons in 2007. The quantity of manganese ore to be produced by BHP Billiton at the Groote Eylandt Mine of Australia ( producing 3.50 million tons per annum at present ) is planned to increase by 1.00 million tons per annum from the second half of 2009. New source to supply manganese ore is that Leboa has been developing the project in Mamatwan area of South Africa to produce medium grade manganese ore on a scale of 2.00 million tons per annum and is scheduled to start the production in 2008. However, in case that this new production of manganese ore is shipped from Port Elizabeth port, the tightened capacity of inland transportation for mine to shipping port has stood in the route. The reason is that, in order to transport manganese ore produced in Hotazil Mamatwan area ( Samancor Manganese and Assmang ) to shipping port. the capacity for this inland transportation has been already filled up.
Originally, among manganese mines, only Groote Eylandt Mine of Australia and Nsuta Mine of Ghana have had favorable locations to shipping ports and other mines have been located in the places to be far from shipping ports with a distance of several hundred kilometers for inland transportation. Also, China, Japan, South Korea, European countries and the USA are main consumers of manganese ore but marine transportation to these countries takes a long distance.
An outlook for manganese ore in 2008 is just said to continue a rise of the price and it is no wonder that any thing is allowed to occur on the supply situation of manganese ore. China produced 490 million tons of crude steel in 2007 and is scheduled to increase their output of crude steel in 2008 to 520 million tons. Therefore, China is estimated to need 7.50 - 8.00 million tons per annum of manganese ore. China will face a big probability, which is very hard to procure this quantity of manganese ore. On the contrary, China may have a danger to be unable to secure even 6.00 million tons of manganese ore as imported into China in 2007. It is anticipated that, in comparison with the quantities of manganese ore imported from main sources into China in 2007, <> Ghanaian ore : to decrease by 200,000 tons. <> Indian ore : to decrease by 100,000 tons, <>Brazilian ore : to decrease by 300,000 tons, <> Western Australian ore : to decrease by 400,000 tons and <> total : to decrease by 1,000,000 tons. There was no precedent that, owing to a short supply of manganese ore, the production of crude steel was obstructed, and there is a possibility that China will desperately hunt for manganese ore. Accordingly, the price will come down to a secondary importance. It is thought to be a natural course in the market that the prices of manganese ore settled in China for shipments in January - March quarter of 2008 are US$9.90 - 10.0 per Mn 1% CIF for regular customers and US$11.50 - 12.00 CIF for spot transactions respectively and these prices will be risen again for shipments in April - June quarter.
The price of high grade manganese ore to be settled with Japanese customers for shipments in the fiscal year of 2008 ( April 2008 - March 2009 ) is anticipated to be inevitable to rise and it is marked to see how extent does the price for 2008 rise ? It seems to be unavoidable that the price of manganese ore settled with Chinese importers for shipments in January - March quarter of 2008 is referred to the negotiations with Japanese customers on price of manganese ore for shipments in the fiscal year of 2008.
( Completed )
last modified : Mon 28 Jan, 2008 [10:44]