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basically if production is hedged the company has agreed to sell a certain percentage of their production at not higher (or lower) than a certain price... this gives them some confidence that they have a minimum price they will receive should the price of their commodity drop... when prices are going up, this is bad because even though the current price might be say 35,000 / tonne, they may have agreed to sell it for a maximum of 17,000 / tonne... of course companies at the moment would probably be wise to be hedging some of their production at say 32,000 / tonne because they are making huge profits at this level, and even though the price may keep going up, it could also drop down.
So hedging is basically just a way to ensure some stability in a companies earnings (it can be a lot more complex than what I have said).
on point 2, yes supply and demand does generally drive the price, but perceived value does as well, there is also a lot of game playing done with market depths... someone might put a large bid in on the sell side to give the impression that there is a lot of supply, but should that bid look like getting filled then they may pull it (the might also have a bid on the buy side)... It's a bit like an auction, people don't always let on what they are thinking... often there will be a couple of bidders who are bringing the price up, and out of the blue a new bidder will appear when the others look like they have exhausted their range.. people don't always show they want to buy or sell, they can be just sitting their ready to place a bid when the price reaches the level they want
Tony.
So hedging is basically just a way to ensure some stability in a companies earnings (it can be a lot more complex than what I have said).
on point 2, yes supply and demand does generally drive the price, but perceived value does as well, there is also a lot of game playing done with market depths... someone might put a large bid in on the sell side to give the impression that there is a lot of supply, but should that bid look like getting filled then they may pull it (the might also have a bid on the buy side)... It's a bit like an auction, people don't always let on what they are thinking... often there will be a couple of bidders who are bringing the price up, and out of the blue a new bidder will appear when the others look like they have exhausted their range.. people don't always show they want to buy or sell, they can be just sitting their ready to place a bid when the price reaches the level they want
Tony.